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SDIRSACR Oncology Insights

Conclusion: Our results show that the integration of whole-exome sequencing with functional drug profiling could
be a powerful and clinically relevant strategy for personalized diagnostics in NSCLC. This combined approach enables
comprehensive tumor characterization, reveals therapeutic vulnerabilities beyond known driver mutations and
identifies exceptional responders. Such a strategy has the potential to improve patient stratification and make more
effective, individualized treatment decisions in clinical practice.

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Acknowledgments and funding: This research was supported by the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia, grant no.
7739737 “Functional diagnostics in non-small cell lung carcinoma – a new concept for the improvement of personalized
therapy in Serbian patients – TargetedResponse“

L24
CAR T cell therapy: A global perspective with a focus on Hungary's journey

Árpád Szöőr , György Vereb 1,2,3
1
1 Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen
2 HUN-REN–UD Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen
3 Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen

Keywords: CAR T cells, CAR NK cells, HER2, trastuzumab resistant tumors, gene modified immune cells

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) cell therapy represents a major milestone in the evolution of synthetic immunology,
offering new treatment paradigms for cancer. While clinical success has been most striking in hematological malignancies,
the application of CAR T cells to solid tumors such as breast cancer remains limited due to antigen heterogeneity,
physical barriers to infiltration, and immunosuppressive microenvironments. At the Department of Biophysics and
Cell Biology at the University of Debrecen, we have dedicated nearly two decades to developing innovative CAR-based
approaches, particularly focusing on HER2-positive tumors and mechanisms of resistance to conventional monoclonal
antibody therapies.
HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) is a validated therapeutic target in breast cancer. Trastuzumab,
a monoclonal antibody against HER2, has significantly improved outcomes for patients with HER2-overexpressing
tumors. However, intrinsic or acquired resistance to trastuzumab remains a major clinical challenge, often associated
with limited antibody penetration into tumor tissue or altered HER2 signaling. To overcome this, we developed HER2-

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